My home screen is pretty fluid. I regularly move icons out and move new ones in. My general rule of thumb for putting something on my home screen is that it needs to be an app that I use daily or one that I want to access quickly.
As for the Dock at the bottom, I keep my most valuable apps there. Mail and Tweetie are the two that I use the most. I run both my work mail and my personal mail through the Mail app. Tweetie is by far my favorite Twitter app. I’ve experimented with almost all of them – Birdfeed, Twitterific, Tweetdeck, Twittelator, etc. – and I always come back to Tweetie. I also keep the Phone app on my Dock (for quick access) and I keep the iPod app there because I regularly listen to lots of audiobooks and podcasts.
My top row is for utilities – Calendar, Weather, Maps, and Clock. I don’t use all of these every day but they are all valuable enough that I want them there so I don’t have to go looking for them when I want them. My second row is for photography stuff – Camera, Photos, and Flickr – with the Settings app being a spillover from the utilities row on top.
The next two rows are the most dynamic. These are the ones where I move apps in and out a lot. The Google app has been moved out and moved back in several times. Same with the Facebook app. The app I use the most from these rows is the Amazon Kindle app and that’s why it’s in the bottom right, the fastest spot to access with your thumb, for a right-hander. I never thought I’d want to read books on this screen, but I do. That’s why I also keep the Barnes and Noble app right above the Kindle app. I don’t use it as much, but the B&N store has some ebook titles that aren’t available in the Kindle store.
My other favorite app in this area is Evernote, which is a journalist’s dream. I recently used Evernote on the iPhone to take notes at an off-site interview. By the time I got back to my desk Evernote had already synced my notes and they were ready for me to pull up from the Evernote Windows app.